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Cyclosporine is a pharmaceutical substance that is also known by its generic name, ciclosporin. Its chemical name is (E)-cyclo[(2S,3R,4R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-6-octenoyl]-L-2-aminobutanoyl-N-methylglycine. The CAS number for cyclosporine is 59865-13-3. Cyclosporine is primarily used as an immunosuppressant drug. It works by suppressing the immune system to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is commonly prescribed to organ transplant patients to help prevent their bodies from rejecting the new organ. Additionally, cyclosporine is used to treat certain autoimmune disorders like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and a severe form of dry eye disease called keratoconjunctivitis sicca. In these conditions, cyclosporine helps to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms. Cyclosporine is available in various forms such as capsules, oral solution, and injection, depending on the specific treatment requirements. It is typically administered under the supervision of a healthcare professional due -
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APABETALONE, also known as RVX-208, is a pharmaceutical substance that has been developed for the treatment of various cardiovascular conditions. Its chemical name is 4-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-, 2H-thieno(3,2-b)pyridin-7-yl)butanoic acid. The CAS number for APABETALONE is 1044870-39-4. It works by modulating certain genes involved in lipid metabolism, resulting in the increase of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. APABETALONE has shown potential in clinical trials for its ability to reduce atherosclerosis and improve cardiovascular outcomes. It has also demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects and has been investigated as a potential treatment for other inflammatory disorders. Further research and clinical trials are necessary to fully understand the safety and efficacy of APABETALONE in different patient populations and indications. -
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FLUOROMETHOLONE is a pharmaceutical substance used in the form of eye drops or ointment for the treatment of various eye conditions. It is a synthetic fluorinated corticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. Its CAS number is 426-13-1. FLUOROMETHOLONE works by reducing inflammation and swelling in the eyes, thereby relieving symptoms such as redness, itching, and discomfort. It is commonly prescribed for conditions such as conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, uveitis, and keratitis. However, it is important to use FLUOROMETHOLONE as directed and under the supervision of a healthcare professional to avoid possible side effects and complications. -
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Meclofenamic acid is a pharmaceutical substance with the chemical name 2-(2,6-dichloroanilino)-3-methylbenzoic acid. It is commonly used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. CAS number: 644-62-2 -
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ROFLUMILAST is a pharmaceutical substance that belongs to the class of selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors. It is primarily used as an anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The chemical name for ROFLUMILAST is 3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-N-(3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl)-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzamide. The CAS number for ROFLUMILAST is 162401-32-3. It was developed and is marketed under the brand name Daliresp by AstraZeneca. ROFLUMILAST works by inhibiting the enzyme PDE4, which is responsible for the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in lung cells. By inhibiting PDE4, ROFLUMILAST increases the levels of cAMP, which reduces inflammation and enhances bronchodilation in patients with COPD. ROFLUMILAST is available in oral tablet form and is typically prescribed as a maintenance treatment for severe COPD associated with chronic bronchitis. It is not recommended for the treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD or asthma. Common side effects -
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Apremilast is a pharmaceutical substance with the chemical name N-[2-[1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1,3-dioxoisoindolin-4-yl]acetamide. Its CAS number is 608141-41-9. Apremilast is a small molecule inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), an enzyme that plays a role in the regulation of inflammation. It is primarily used as a treatment for certain autoimmune diseases, such as psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The substance works by inhibiting the production of certain pro-inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and interleukin-23 (IL-23). By reducing the levels of these mediators, it helps to suppress the autoimmune response and alleviate symptoms associated with chronic inflammation. Apremilast is available in oral tablet form and is usually taken once or twice daily, as prescribed by a healthcare professional. It may take several weeks for the full therapeutic effects to be observed. As with any medication, apremilast may caus -
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Prednisolone is a synthetic corticosteroid pharmaceutical substance commonly used as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug. It is a white, crystalline powder with the molecular formula C21H28O5. Prednisolone has a systematic name, 11beta,17,21-trihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, and is also known by its chemical name, 11beta,17,21-trihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. Its CAS number is 50-24-8. This pharmaceutical substance is mainly used to treat various conditions such as allergies, asthma, autoimmune diseases, and certain types of cancers. It works by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation in the body. Prednisolone may be administered orally, topically, or through injections, depending on the condition being treated. It is important to note that prednisolone should be used with caution and under the supervision of a healthcare professional due to its potential side effects, such as increased susceptibility to infections, osteoporosis, weight gain, and mood changes. The do -
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Dimethyl fumarate is a pharmaceutical substance that is classified as an immunomodulatory agent. Its chemical name is dimethyl (2E)-but-2-enedioate, and its CAS number is 624-49-7. Dimethyl fumarate is commonly used as an oral treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). It works by reducing inflammation and preventing damage to the myelin sheath, which is the protective covering of nerve fibers. By modulating the immune system, dimethyl fumarate helps to decrease the frequency and severity of MS relapses. In addition to its immunomodulatory properties, dimethyl fumarate is also known for its antioxidant effects. It can scavenge reactive oxygen species, which are harmful molecules that can cause cellular damage. This antioxidant activity may contribute to the neuroprotective benefits of dimethyl fumarate in MS treatment. Dimethyl fumarate is typically prescribed in the form of delayed-release capsules. The recommended dosage varies depending on the specific condition being treated, and it is usually taken twice -
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Nepafenac is a pharmaceutical substance that is primarily used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is commonly prescribed for the treatment of pain and inflammation in the eye after cataract surgery. Nepafenac is chemically known as 2-amino-3-benzoylbenzeneacetamide and is represented by its CAS number 78281-72-8. It is a prodrug, meaning it is converted into its active form, amfenac, in the eye. Amfenac works by inhibiting the production of inflammatory enzymes called cyclooxygenases, thereby reducing swelling and pain. As an ophthalmic solution, nepafenac is typically administered as eye drops. It is usually recommended to instill one drop into the affected eye(s) three times a day, starting one day prior to cataract surgery and continuing for two weeks after surgery. Common side effects of nepafenac may include temporary eye discomfort, blurred vision, itching, redness, and a feeling of something being in the eye. Serious side effects such as eye infections or allergic reactions are ra -
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Mometasone is a synthetic corticosteroid drug used primarily as a nasal spray or as a topical cream or ointment for the treatment of allergies and inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis. It is sold under various brand names, including Nasonex, Elocon, and Asmanex. The CAS number for Mometasone is 105102-22-5. -
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Nimesulide is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used primarily as an analgesic (pain reliever) and an anti-inflammatory agent. Its chemical name is N-(4-Nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)methanesulfonamide and its CAS number is 51803-78-2. Nimesulide works by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are responsible for inflammation and pain in the body. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute pain. This drug is known for its relative selectivity and high potency in inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which plays a crucial role in inflammation. By targeting COX-2, nimesulide reduces pain and inflammation without significantly affecting COX-1, an enzyme that helps protect the stomach lining. Nimesulide is available in various forms including tablets, oral suspensions, and topical gels. It is usually taken orally and its effects typically start within 15-30 minutes. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted through u -
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Fenspiride is a pharmaceutical substance with the CAS number 5053-06-5. It is an anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator agent used in the treatment of respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fenspiride acts by reducing inflammation in the airways, improving the flow of air, and relieving symptoms associated with respiratory disorders. It is available in oral tablet form and is commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals to manage and alleviate respiratory symptoms in patients. -
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Iguratimod, also known as T-614, is a pharmaceutical substance used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Its chemical name is 3-(2-[(4-methoxybenzoyl) amino] pyridine-4-carboxamido) phenylboronic acid. The CAS number for Iguratimod is 123663-49-0. -
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Dexamethasone is a pharmaceutical substance that belongs to the class of corticosteroid drugs. It is known by its chemical name 9-fluoro-11β,17,21-trihydroxy-16α-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. The CAS number for dexamethasone is 50-02-2. Dexamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid that has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. It is commonly used in the treatment of various inflammatory conditions, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. Dexamethasone works by suppressing the immune system, reducing inflammation, and decreasing the release of substances in the body that cause inflammation. This pharmaceutical substance is available in various forms such as tablets, injections, eye drops, and creams. It is often prescribed by healthcare professionals for short-term use to control acute symptoms, or for long-term use in chronic conditions. Dexamethasone should be used under medical supervision, as it can have significant side effects and interactions with other medications. Some common -
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Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain. Its chemical name is 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetic acid. The CAS number for Indomethacin is 53-86-1. It works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are substances in the body that cause inflammation, pain, and fever. Indomethacin is commonly prescribed for conditions such as arthritis, gout, and menstrual pain. Indomethacin is available in various forms, including oral capsules, suppositories, and injections. The specific dosage and duration of treatment depend on the individual's condition and response to the medication. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and instructions provided by a healthcare professional. While Indomethacin can be effective in reducing pain and inflammation, like other NSAIDs, it may also have potential side effects. Common side effects include stomach upset, nausea, dizziness, headache, and skin rash. It can also inc -
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Loteprednol is a pharmaceutical substance that belongs to the corticosteroid class of medications. Its CAS number is 129260-79-3. Loteprednol is commonly used for the treatment of various inflammatory eye conditions, such as postoperative inflammation, seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, and uveitis. Loteprednol works by inhibiting the production of inflammation-causing substances in the body, thereby reducing swelling, redness, and itching in the eyes. It is available in the form of eye drops and ointments, which are applied directly to the affected eye(s). This pharmaceutical substance has a relatively low risk of side effects compared to other corticosteroids. Common side effects may include temporary blurred vision, stinging or burning sensation upon application, and increased sensitivity to light. However, serious side effects such as eye infections or increased pressure in the eye may occur rarely but should be reported to a healthcare professional immediately. Loteprednol is typically prescribed by an -
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Polmacoxib CAS number 301692-76-2 is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat osteoarthritis. It is a selective COX-2 inhibitor. -
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Desonide is a synthetic corticosteroid drug that is used topically for the treatment of various skin conditions, including eczema, dermatitis, and psoriasis. It is classified as a class 1 corticosteroid, which means it has the highest potency among topical corticosteroids. The chemical name of desonide is 11β,21-Dihydroxy-16α,17α-isopropylidenedioxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, and its CAS number is 638-94-8. Desonide works by reducing inflammation, itching, and redness associated with skin conditions. It is available in various forms such as creams, ointments, lotions, and gels. As with any corticosteroid, desonide should be used as directed by a healthcare professional and for the prescribed duration. Prolonged or excessive use may lead to systemic absorption and potential side effects, such as thinning of the skin, skin discoloration, or steroid acne. Desonide has been found to be effective in managing a wide range of skin conditions, providing relief to individuals suffering from discomfort and improvi -
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Bromfenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used as a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Its chemical name is 2-amino-3-(4-bromobenzoyl)phenylacetic acid, and it has the CAS number 91714-94-2. Bromfenac is primarily used as an ophthalmic solution to treat inflammation and pain following cataract surgery. It works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are inflammatory mediators involved in the development of pain, swelling, and redness. By blocking the action of COX-2, bromfenac helps reduce these post-operative symptoms and improve patient comfort. The ophthalmic solution of bromfenac is available in different strengths and is typically applied topically to the affected eye(s) in the form of eye drops. It is administered by healthcare professionals or as directed by a physician. The solution is usually well-tolerated, with the common side effects being temporary burning or stinging sensation upon application. Bromfenac is known for its high potency an -
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DIFLUPREDNATE is a pharmaceutical substance used in the treatment of eye inflammation. It is a corticosteroid and belongs to the class of anti-inflammatory medications. The CAS number of DIFLUPREDNATE is 23674-86-4. -
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Triamcinolone is a synthetic corticosteroid pharmaceutical substance commonly used in the treatment of various inflammatory and allergic conditions. Its precise chemical name is 9-fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry number for triamcinolone is 124-94-7. -
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Betaxolol is a pharmaceutical substance that belongs to the class of beta-adrenergic blocking agents. Its systematic name is (RS)-1-[4-(2-Isopropoxyethoxymethyl)phenoxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-propanol. The CAS number for Betaxolol is 63659-18-7. It is mainly used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and certain heart conditions, such as angina and arrhythmias. Betaxolol works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in the body, such as adrenaline, that can increase heart rate and blood pressure. It is available in various forms such as tablets and eye drops. When prescribed as eye drops, Betaxolol is commonly used to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It helps to decrease the production of aqueous humor, reducing the pressure in the eye and preventing damage to the optic nerve. Betaxolol is typically administered under medical supervision, and the dosage may vary depending on the specific condition being treated. Common side eff -
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Lifitegrast is a pharmaceutical substance used in the treatment of dry eye disease. Its chemical name is 4-((1R)-2-(6-(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile. The CAS number for Lifitegrast is 1025967-78-5. -
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PICLIDENOSON, also known as CF-101, has the CAS number 152918-18-8. It is a potent and selective agonist of the A3 adenosine receptor, a member of the purinergic receptor family. PICLIDENOSON is an orally active pharmaceutical substance that is being investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The A3 adenosine receptor is primarily expressed in immune cells, and its activation has been shown to regulate immune responses. By selectively targeting this receptor, PICLIDENOSON has the potential to modulate inflammatory and immune processes without affecting other adenosine receptors in the body. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and tissue-protective properties of PICLIDENOSON. It has shown promise in the treatment of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, and multiple sclerosis. The substance has also been investigated for its potential role in reducing the risk o
